A summary of the House bill released the evening of May 12, 2025, with changes released in the House Rules Committee print version on May 20, 2025 (in bold, underlined text below), are as follows (please note that budget estimate scores of the House bill from the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) released on May 20, 2025 are also included in bold, underlined text below). CBO estimates nutrition plus ag-related reconciliation program changes will result in more than $238 billion in savings (outlays) from FY25-34.

On June 11, 2025, the Senate Agriculture Committee’s FY25 reconciliation package was released. Its version is noted in bold, italicized language below. The Congressional Budget Office has not yet released a budget estimate for the Senate legislation.

Subtitle A – Nutrition (TOTAL OF -$294.6 billion from FY25-34)

SEC. 10001. THRIFTY FOOD PLAN (TFP) (-$36.8 billion from FY25-34)

• Would allow reevaluation every five years for the cost of food within nutrition programs but require no cost increases other than those tied to the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and considerations for Alaskans, Hawaiians and US territories. Percentage multiplier adjustment higher for smaller households and lower per-person for larger households. Added requirement for public notice and comment of future TFP updates.
• SENATE: Would also allow for CPI adjustments. Household multiplier different than House version; specifically, for households with 9 or more individuals, the additional percentage multiplier cannot exceed 200% as it does in the House version. Similar consideration for Alaskans, Hawaiians, and US territories. Reevaluation of TFP can occur by Oct. 1, 2027, one year earlier than the House version. Senate version doesn’t include a 5-year reevaluation time minimum and public comment period like the House version. Similar no cost increase provision.

SEC. 10002. ABLE BODIED ADULTS WITHOUT DEPENDENTS WORK REQUIREMENTS WITHIN SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (SNAP) (-$92.46 billion from FY25-34)

• Exemption from work requirements for individuals raised to those over age 65. Current law exempts individuals over age of 55.
• Adds work requirements for individuals with dependents over age 6, a change from current policy which allows individuals with dependents (17 and under) to be exempt from the work requirement. Exception is a married individual with dependent child age 7 or older whose spouse meets work eligibility requirements.
• Changes exemption for “homeless individual” to state “currently homeless.”
• Starting October 1, 2030, broad based work requirement exemptions are eliminated for individuals that are currently homeless; a veteran; and adults 18-24 years old who were in foster care when they turned 18.
• SENATE: Exempts from work requirements parents or other members of households with responsibility for a dependent child under 10 years old. Does not include exemptions currently in law for homeless individuals, veterans, or individuals who are 24 years of age or younger who were in foster care. Unlike the House bill, it does not exempt from work requirements a married individual with a dependent child whose spouse meets the work requirement.

SEC. 10003. ABLE BODIED ADULTS WITHOUT DEPENDENTS WAIVERS (see score above)

• Narrows state’s ability to seek exemption from SNAP work eligibility requirements based on high unemployment rates. Requires a county or county-equivalent have an unemployment rate exceeding 10% to seek a waiver from work requirements and limits the exemption to a maximum of 12 months.
• Drops the percentage of individuals who can qualify for work requirement waivers within a state from up to 8 percent of those eligible down to no more than 1 percent.
• SENATE: Limits exemptions from work requirements to counties or county-equivalents that have an unemployment rate more than 10 percent. No time limit is applied to this exemption.

SEC. 10004. AVAILABILITY OF STANDARD UTILITY ALLOWANCES BASED ON RECEIPT OF ENERGY ASSISTANCE (-$5.94 billion from FY25-34)

• When calculating SNAP benefits a “standard utility allowance” is often used to represent utility costs instead of requiring applicants document their actual month-by-month costs. Households qualify for this allowance if they receive at least $20 per-year in Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) payments. This section changes the LIHEAP based qualification to only apply to households with an elderly or disabled member, instead of current law which provides broader eligibility for other households. It also limits to elderly or disabled households the ability to exclude state-funded energy assistance payments from calculations of income or as an out-of-pocket expense when determining a household’s SNAP benefit.
• SENATE: includes similar provision to House bill.

SEC. 10005. RESTRICTIONS ON INTERNET EXPENSES (-$10.98 billion from FY25-34)

• Certain internet expenditures would not be able to be deducted from SNAP income eligibility requirements.
• SENATE: includes similar provision to House bill.

SEC. 10006. MATCHING FUNDS REQUIREMENTS (-$128.3 billion from FY25-34)

• Beginning in Fiscal Year 2028, this would reduce federal government’s share of SNAP costs, pushing a greater percentage of costs onto states over time. Greater state cost burden for states with higher payment error rates (both over and under payments).
• States with error rates below 6 percent = 5 percent of the cost of SNAP benefits
• States with error rates between 6-8 percent = 15 percent of the cost
• States with error rates between 8-10 percent = 20 percent of the cost
• States with error rates over 10 percent = 25 percent of the cost
• SENATE: States with error rates below 6% = 0% state responsibility of the cost of SNAP benefit (100% federally covered). States with error rates between 6-8% = 5% of the cost. States with error rates between 8-10% = 10% of the cost. States with error rates over 10% = 15% of the cost.

SEC. 10007. ADMINISTRATIVE COST SHARING (-$27.4 billion from FY25-34)

• States would be responsible for 75% of costs of administering SNAP, up from 50% currently.
• SENATE: the 75% cost share requirement would begin in FY27 whereas House bill would apply the cost share requirement immediately.  

SEC. 10008. GENERAL WORK REQUIREMENT AGE ($0)

• Modifies work requirement ages from current law of ages 16-59 to proposed 18-64.
• Would not require individuals with a dependent child under age 7 to work, a change from current law of under age 6.
• SENATE: section not included

SEC. 10009. NATIONAL ACCURACY CLEARINGHOUSE (-$7.4 billion from FY25-34)

• States are currently required to use the USDA established “National Accuracy Clearinghouse” to determine if an individual applying for SNAP benefits has applied for or is already receiving SNAP benefits in another state. This is intended to reduce unintentional duplication (or fraud).
• This bill adds a requirement that any time a SNAP recipient applies for benefits in a new state, or the clearinghouse flags a potential duplicate payment, that the state look for duplicate payments in other state-run federally funded benefit programs.
• SENATE: section not included

SEC. 10010. QUALITY CONTROL ZERO TOLERANCE (-$80 million from FY25-34)

• When determining the payment error rate in SNAP, small errors in payments are excluded. “Small” is determined by a formula and is $57 for 2025.
• This provision requires payment errors of any amount above $0 be included.
• SENATE: section not included

SEC. 10011. NATIONAL EDUCATION AND OBESITY PREVENTION GRANT PROGRAM REPEALER (-$5.47 billion from FY25-34)

• House bill deauthorizes this program.
• SENATE: allows program to continue through FY25 but no fiscal year thereafter.

SEC. 10012. ALIEN SNAP ELIGIBILITY (-$3.902 billion from FY25-34)

• Limits SNAP eligibility to U.S. citizens and permanent residents. It would remove SNAP eligibility for otherwise eligible, lawfully abiding individuals who entered the US prior to June 30, 1948, individuals whom the Attorney General withheld deportation, individuals seeking asylum, and any other category. UPDATE on 5/20/25: New version with different eligibility language included. Immigrants from Cuba meeting certain visa requirements would be eligible for SNAP. U.S. citizens, residents, nationals, certain permanent residents, and lawful residents meeting certain criteria – the Compact of Free Association referred to in section 402(b)(2)(G) of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 – would also be eligible.
• SENATE: would allow SNAP eligibility for citizens, nationals and permanent residents, in addition to certain Cuban immigrants and lawful residents meeting certain criteria – the Compact of Free Association referred to in section 402(b)(2)(G) of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996.

SEC. 10013. EMERGENCY FOOD ASSISTANCE ($28 million from FY25-34)

• Extends program funding allocations through FY31, with current law providing for expiration in FY24 (with funds available through the end of the next Fiscal Year).
• SENATE: Section 10603 – same as House version

Subtitle B—Investment in Rural America

SEC. 10101. SAFETY NET (TOTAL OF $52.3 BILLION IN ADDED OUTLAYS FROM FY25-34)

Commodity Programs

• Government-set reference prices
  • Would increase price floors for certain crops (known as “reference prices”), used to calculate Price Loss Coverage (PLC) farm subsidies. The most highly subsidized crops are included in the table below, but the bill would increase reference prices for other crops as well, including barley, milo/sorghum, oats, seed cotton, dry peas, chickpeas, lentils, and other oilseeds. Price increases would range from 11% for corn to 21% for rice. Would provide for additional increases after crop year 2031, with a cap of 115% of the amounts in the table below.
  • SENATE: Designated as Section 10301 – Effective Reference Price; Reference Price. Same increases to government-set crop prices through PLC, with exception of a cap of 113% for multiplier increases instead of House version’s 115% cap.

• Farm commodity subsidy eligibility
  • Would extend the prohibition on subsidy payments for otherwise subsidy-eligible acres planted to grass or pasture through the 2031 crop year.
  • Provide for an increase of up to 30 million additional “base acres,” or land eligible for taxpayer-provided farm subsidies. 30 million acres is the equivalent of more than one-third of US corn acreage, one of the US’s largest crops by acreage. Minimum base acre additions of 15% of all acres utilized for hay, grazing, harvest, silage (ground hay or corn plants, for example), or prevented planting during 2019 through 2023 crop years, on average.
  • Extends PLC and Agriculture Risk Coverage (ARC) farm subsidy program election for producers through crop year 2031.
  • SENATE: Separate Section 10302 – Base Acres – which includes similar provisions to House version with exception of one year difference in PLC and Agriculture Risk Coverage (ARC) election section. Also includes a provision requiring USDA to provide the higher of a PLC or ARC payment in the 2025 crop year to agricultural producers. Would also remove a provision currently disallowing Supplemental Coverage Option (SCO) crop insurance coverage for crops enrolled in ARC, a commodity program.
• Price Loss Coverage (PLC) program
  • Extends PLC government-set crop price subsidies through the 2031 crop year.
  • SENATE: Section 10304 – Price Loss Coverage. Same program extension as House bill.
• Agriculture Risk Coverage (ARC) program
  • Extends ARC subsidy payments, known as “shallow loss” payments that kick in when expected revenue dips slightly from prior years, through the 2031 crop year.
  • Increases the subsidy payment rate from a minimum of 10% to 12.5% of benchmark revenue (price times yield for the relevant county).
  • SENATE: similar provisions as House version but subsidy payment rate would increase to 12% instead of 12.5%, as in the House version.
• Subsidy Caps
  • Would add additional entities exempt from payment caps in Title I farm bill commodity programs to include partnerships, S corporations, LLCs, and a joint venture or general partnership.
    • SENATE: Section 10306. Equitable Treatment of Certain Entities – same provisions as House bill. Excludes general partnerships and joint ventures from income eligibility verification checks as well, meaning millionaires with interests in partnerships and joint ventures can receive farm subsidy payments (in other words, are no longer subject to the $900,000 adjusted gross income eligibility threshold), same as the House bill.
  • Would increase the amount of subsidies individual crop producers can receive from commodity programs each year, from $125,000 per year to $155,000 per year. This increase of nearly 25% would also apply separately to peanut producers, who could receive up to $310,000 in taxpayer subsidies annually ($155,000 for peanuts + $155,000 for all other commodities), just from one government program. This is nearly 4x the real median US household income and approximately 4x the former direct payment subsidy cap for peanuts plus other crops.
    • SENATE: Section 10307. Payment Limitations – same provisions as House bill
  • Payment limit of $155,000 will increase annually based on the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers.
    • SENATE: same provisions as House bill
• Farm Subsidies for Millionaires and Billionaires
  • Eliminates the eligibility cap of $900,000 adjusted gross income (AGI) to qualify for payments in Title 1 livestock and crop disaster programs, as well as Title II Conservation programs, for certain farm operations.
  • Applies to any individual or entity that earned more than 75% of their income from farming, ranching, and similar activities. This includes income from agritourism, direct-to-consumer sales, the sale of agricultural equipment, and “other agriculture-related activities” as defined by the Secretary of Agriculture.
  • Programs that no longer have income limits include: Livestock Indemnity Program (LIP), Tree Assistance Program (TAP), Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honeybees, and Farm-Raised Fish (ELAP), Livestock Forage Program (LFP), and the Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program.
  • SENATE: Section 10308. Adjusted Gross Income Limitation – similar provisions as House bill
• Marketing Loans
  • Extends the program through 2031.
  • SENATE: Section 10309 – Marketing Loans – similar provisions as House bill
• Nonrecourse Marketing Assistance Loans
  • Extends recent loan amounts through 2025 & increases loan amounts for 2026 through 2031 crop years.
  • SENATE: overall similar provisions with exception of increasing seed cotton rate only, not corn as well, which was included in House bill.
• Cotton Storage Costs
  • Provisions extended through 2025 and 2031.
  • SENATE: similar provisions as House bill

Loan Deficiency Payments

• • Extended through 2031.
  • SENATE: similar provisions as House bill
• Trade and Marketing Promotion for Cotton
  • Extends through 2032.
  • SENATE: similar provisions as House bill
• Commodity Recourse Loans
  • For high moisture corn, cotton, and contaminated commodities, special interest carve-outs extended through 2031.
  • SENATE: similar provisions as House bill
• Economic adjustment payments for cotton textile mills
  • Increase in subsidy rate from 3 cents per pound to 5 cents per pound, beginning on August 1, 2025.
  • SENATE: similar provisions as House bill
• Loans for domestically grown sugarcane and sugar beet processors
  • Increase from 19.75 cents per pound for raw cane sugar in 2023 (extended for 2024 as well) to 24 cents per pound from 2025 to 2031, an increase of 21.5%.
  • Increase in loan rate for sugar beet processors through 2031 as well.
  • SENATE: same provisions as House bill
• Commodity Credit Corporation storage payments for forfeited sugar
  • Significant increases for refined sugar, from 15 cents per hundredweight to 34 cents per hundredweight (increase of 127%) in 2025 and beyond, in addition to raw cane sugar, from 10 cents per hundredweight to 27 cents per hundredweight (increase of 170%) in 2025 and beyond.
  • SENATE: same provisions as House bill
• Sugar marketing allotments
  • Extended through 2031.
  • SENATE: same provisions as House bill
• Sugar study completed one year after enactment & subsequent regulations
  • Examine the need for “establishing a standard for color- or reflectance-based units for refined sugar such as those utilized by the International Commission of Uniform Methods of Sugar Analysis…,” among other factors. US Department of Agriculture would be allowed to issue regulations regarding sugar imports after issuance of the study.
  • SENATE: same provisions as House bill
• Dairy Margin Coverage subsidies
  • Changes eligibility thresholds allowing for lower premiums for larger producers and extends the program through 2031.
  • SENATE: Section 10313 – Dairy Policy Updates – same provisions as House bill
• Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 suspension
  • Suspends permanent price supports from the 1930s.
  • SENATE: Section 10314 – Suspension of Permanent Price Support Authority – same provisions as House bill
• Administrative costs for Farm Service Agency
  • Administrative costs provided for allowing producers to sign subsidy agreements online and providing for new technologies for data sharing.
  • SENATE: similar provisions with exception of $1 million allocation for administrative costs
• Livestock Indemnity Payments
  • Increase payment rate to 100%, from current 75%, of market value of affected livestock, with 75% payment rate for losses due to adverse weather or disease. Additional payment for unborn livestock, with varying multipliers for different types of livestock (higher multiplier for swine with no multiplier for cattle, horses, and bison).
  • SENATE: Section 10401 Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance – same as House version
• Livestock forage disaster program
  • Would increase the number of monthly payments eligible producers may receive and provide subsidy payments when drought, for instance, is less severe than in years prior.
  • SENATE: same as House version

• Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honey Bees, and Farm-Raised Fish
  • Would add subsidies for fish losses due to bird predators (known as “piscivorous birds”), an issue raised by Mississippi representatives in the past. Payment of at least $600 per acre of farm-raised fish.
  • SENATE: same as House version
• Tree Assistance Program
  • Extends eligibility to all tree losses caused by natural disasters (current law requires losses in excess of 15% of “normal mortality”)
  • Increases payment rate for rehabilitation/pruning costs from 50% to 65%.
  • SENATE: same as House version
• Emergency Assistance for Honeybees
  • Would allow payments for honeybee colony losses of 15% or more.
  • SENATE: provision not in Senate bill

Crop Insurance

• Beginning farmer and veteran provisions eligibility and premium subsidy changes
  • Change definition of beginning farmer from one who has been farming for less than 5 years to less than 10 years, which provides higher subsidies for crop insurance premiums.
  • Similarly changes the definition of a beginning veteran farmer or rancher to one who has not farmed or ranched for more than 10 years. Removes provision which would have allowed a veteran beginning farmer or rancher to have been farming or ranching for up to 10 years to qualify for higher crop insurance premium subsidies. Current law provides up to 5 years of experience for eligibility.
  • 15% higher premium subsidy for beginning farmers and ranchers and veteran farmer and ranchers in first two reinsurance years of enrollment in crop insurance. In the 3rd year, the percentage is 13%. The 4th year percentage is 11%. For the 5th to 10th years, the percentage is 10%. Current law is 10%. Removes higher premium subsidies in crop insurance for veteran beginning farmer and ranchers in addition to reducing the higher subsidy thresholds to the following: 5% for 1st two reinsurance years, 3% for 3rd reinsurance year, and 1% for the 4th reinsurance year.
  • SENATE: Section 10501 – Beginning Farmer and Rancher Benefit – includes first provision to change definition to individual who has been farming for less than 10 years in addition to updated levels for higher premium subsidies such as 5% for the first two reinsurance years, 3% for the 3rd reinsurance year, and 1% for the 4th reinsurance year.
• Crop insurance coverage levels
  • Would increase the coverage level for subsidized crop insurance, to 90% for individual coverage aggregated across multiple crop commodities and 95% for area based policies.
  • SENATE: Section 10502 – Area Based Crop Insurance Coverage and Affordability – same as House version
• Supplemental Coverage Option (SCO) shallow loss crop insurance program
  • Deductible for highly subsidized revenue program would decrease from 14% to 10%.
  • SENATE: same as House version
• Increase crop insurance premium subsidies
  • Increase already overly generous premium subsidy levels, anywhere from 3-5%, resulting in federal taxpayers covering 69% of crop insurance premiums for producers enrolling in coverage levels of 55-65%, for instance.
  • SENATE: Section 10504 – Premium Support – same as House version
• Expansion in administrative and operating (A&O) subsidies for private crop insurance companies
  • Allow an additional payment to crop insurance companies, equal to 6% of the net book premium.
  • A&O subsidies to private crop insurance companies writing specialty crop (fruit and vegetable) policies to be at least 17% of the premium, higher than industry averages.
  • Changes to A&O subsidies should not be considered to be a renegotiation of the Standard Reinsurance Agreement (SRA).
  • Inflation increases in A&O subsidies for private insurance companies, similar to current policy.
  • SENATE: Section 10503 – same as House version with exception of Senate addition of specifying certain areas eligible for A&O subsidy increases
• Crop insurance data mining funding
  • Increased spending of $6 million per year beginning in FY26 and each year thereafter.
  • SENATE: Section 10505 – same provision as House
• New crop insurance policy funding
  • Beginning in FY26, funding for approval of new crop insurance policies (funded by taxpayer subsidies) to increase to $10 million per year, up from $7 million in prior years.
  • SENATE: Section 10506 – same provision as House
• Poultry insurance pilot program
  • “Pilot program under which contract poultry growers, including growers of broilers and laying hens, may elect to receive index-based insurance from extreme weather-related risk resulting in increased utility costs…” Bill then calls for the pilot program to be approved for taxpayer subsidy eligibility within two years from completion of the evaluation.
  • SENATE: Section 10507 – same provision as House

SEC. 10102. CONSERVATION (-$1.8 BILLION FROM FY25-34)

• Grassroots Source Water Protection Program
  • Extends discretionary funding (optional, provided by annual appropriations process) and provides $1 million of mandatory funding in FY26 to remain available until expended.
  • SENATE: same provision as House bill
• Voluntary Public Access and Habitat Incentive Program
  • $10 million in mandatory funding each year from FY25-31, the same amount provided in FY24.
  • SENATE: same provision as House bill
• Feral Swine Eradication and Control Pilot Program
  • Mandatory funding of $15 million for each year FY25-31
  • SENATE: different funding language but extends program like House bill
• Agricultural Conservation Easement Program
  • Increase from $450 million for each FY25-31 in current law (not including IRA funding) to:
    • $625 million in FY26
    • $650 million in FY27
    • $675 million in FY28
    • $700 million in FY29
    • $700 million in FY30
    • $700 million in FY31
  • SENATE: same as House version
• Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP)
  • Increase from $2.025 billion for each year FY25-31 in current law (not including IRA funding) to:
    • $2.655 billion in FY26
    • $2.855 billion in FY27
    • $3.255 billion each year from FY28-31
  • SENATE: same as House version
• Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP)
  • Increase from $1 billion for each year FY25-31 in current law (not including IRA funding) to:
    • $1.3 billion in FY26
    • $1.325 billion in FY27
    • $1.35 billion in FY28
    • $1.375 billion each year from FY29-31
  • SENATE: same as House version
• Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP)
  • Increase from $300 million each year FY25-31 in mandatory funding in current law (not including IRA funding) to:
    • $425 million in FY26
    • $450 million each year from FY27-31
  • SENATE: same as House version
• Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention
  • Increase from $50 million each year in mandatory funding to $150 million per year in mandatory funding, beginning in FY26 and each year thereafter.
  • SENATE: same provision as House bill
• [TCS note: total of program funding increases in ACEP through RCPP listed above total $10.705 billion from FY26-31].
• Rescinding unobligated IRA conservation funding
  • Assume provision will prevent FY26 funding from being allocated, including the following amounts, totaling $7.95 billion (and possibly more from years prior) (UPDATE: OUR INITIAL ESTIMATES ASSUMED AT LEAST $2.755 BILLION IN ADDED SPENDING ON CONSERVATION, ASSUMING RESCISSIONS OF $7.95 BILLION BELOW, CLOSE TO THE $3.2 BILLION CBO ASSUMES IN INCREASED BUDGET AUTHORITY OVER TEN-YEAR WINDOW, BUT OUTLAYS ARE ESTIMATED TO BE -$1.8 BILLION, PRESUMABLY BECAUSE CBO ASSUMES NOT ALL THE BUDGET AUTHORITY WILL ACTUALLY BE SPENT/FLOW TO FARMERS & RANCHERS)
    • FY26 EQIP funding of $3.45 billion
    • FY26 CSP funding of $1.5 billion
    • FY26 ACEP funding of $600 million
    • FY26 RCPP funding of $2.4 billion
  • SENATE: same as House version

SEC. 10103. TRADE ($2.04 BILLION IN ADDED SPENDING)

RENAMED: SUPPLEMENTAL AGRICULTURAL TRADE PROMOTION PROGRAM

• Market Access Program (MAP)
  • Double trade promotion funding from $200 million to $400 million for each year FY26-31.
• Foreign Market Development Cooperator Program
  • Double funding from $34.5 million to $69 million for each year FY26-31.
• E (Kika) De La Garza Emerging Markets Program
  • $8 million for each year FY26-31.
• Priority trade fund
  • $3.5 million for each year FY26-31.
• UPDATE: INSTEAD OF PROVIDING SPECIFIC INCREASES TO CERTAIN TRADE PROGRAMS ABOVE, $285 MILLION IS TAKEN FROM COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION (CCC) IN FY2027 AND EACH FISCAL YEAR THEREAFTER FOR THE USDA SECRETARY TO PROVIDE DUPLICATIVE FUNDING TO US AG TRADE PROGRAMS, SPECIFICALLY TO:

“conduct a program to encourage the accessibility, development, maintenance, and expansion of commercial export markets for United States agricultural commodities.”

• SENATE: Section 10602 – same as House updated version, which would provide $285 million in annual overall funding

SEC. 10104. RESEARCH ($1.6 billion in added outlays from FY 25-34)

Urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural production research, education, and extension initiative

• $2 million per year in mandatory funding FY24-31, same as previous levels.
• SENATE: same as House version

• Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research
  • $37 million to remain available until expended, with funding coming from CCC
  • SENATE: same as House version
• Scholarships for Students at 1890 Institutions
  • $60 million in FY26 funding to remain available until expended, from CCC
  • SENATE: same as House version

Assistive technology program for farmers with disabilities

• $8 million to remain available until expended
• SENATE: same as House version

• Specialty Crop Research Initiative
  • $80 million for FY25 and $175 million for FY26 in mandatory funding
  • SENATE: same as House version
• Research Facilities Act
  • Mandatory funding of $125 million each year beginning in FY26
  • SENATE: same as House version

SEC. 10105. SECURE RURAL SCHOOLS; FORESTRY ($280 MILLION IN ADDED SPENDING)

• Secure payments for States containing Federal land
  • Extends program through 2026
• Other forestry program extensions and repeals
• SENATE: Section 10201 – does not include Secure Rural Schools program extension & includes only two forestry funding rescissions out of the House bill’s total of four rescissions (includes recisissions for Section 23002 – Competitive Grants for Non-Federal Forest Landowners & Section 23003 – State and Private Forestry Conservation Programs, specifically the Urban and Community Forestry Assistance program for tree planting and related activities but not Section 23001 – National Forest System Restoration and Fuels Reduction Projects and Section 23005 – Administrative Costs for implementing IRA forestry provisions at USDA)

SEC. 10106. ENERGY (increase of $70 million in outlays from FY25-34)

• Biobased Markets Program
  • Mandatory funding of $3 million per year extended from FY25 to FY31
  • SENATE: section not included
• Bioenergy Program for Advanced Biofuels
  • $7 million in mandatory funding per year through FY31
  • SENATE: same as House version

SEC. 10107. HORTICULTURE (increase of $332 million from FY25-34)

• Funding for Plant Pest and Disease Management and Disaster Prevention, Specialty Crop Block Grants, Organic Production and Market Data Initiative, Modernization and Improvement of International Trade Technology Systems and Data Collection Funding, National Organic Certification Cost-Share Program, Multiple Crop and Pesticide Use Survey
• SENATE: Section 10606 – same as House version

SEC. 10108. MISCELLANEOUS (increase of $1.6 billion from FY25-34)

• Funding for Animal Disease Prevention and Management, Sheep Production and Marketing Grant Program, Pima Agriculture Cotton Trust Fund, Agriculture Wool Apparel Manufacturers Trust Fund, Wool Research and Promotion, Emergency Citrus Disease Research and Development Trust Fund
• SENATE: Section 10606 – same as House version with exception of Animal Disease program with different funding levels provided