The National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPR-A) represents the single largest contiguous block of public land managed by the federal government in the United States, encompassing approximately 23 million acres of vast, roadless tundra across the remote North Slope of Alaska.

The regulatory and statutory framework governing the NPR-A is distinct from that of other federal onshore mineral estates. While oil and gas extraction on standard federal public lands is primarily administered under the Mineral Leasing Act (MLA) of 1920, the MLA does not apply to the NPR-A. Instead, leasing, exploration, and development of oil and gas resources within the Reserve operate under the legal framework established by the Naval Petroleum Reserves Production Act (NPRPA) of 1976 and the Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA) of 1976.

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